HOW TO USE HYPHENS

 

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FCE Essay Writing 2015 Format

AS vs. LIKE

As and like are often confused since they are both used to compare actions or situations. There are, however, important differences.

As

AS = in the same way as, or in the same condition as. 

We use as before the subject + verb

• As I said at the meeting last week, I think we should revise our sales forecasts.
• If you had done as I said, we wouldn’t be in this situation.

We also use as to talk about job or function. In these cases as is a preposition. 

• I worked as a shop assistant for 2 years when I was a student.
• He used his shoe as a hammer to hang the picture up.

When As is a preposition, the meaning is different to like. Let’s take a look:

• As an English Language Trainer, I have many lessons to prepare. (As a trainer = in my position as a trainer)
• Like my teaching colleagues, I have many lessons to prepare. ( Like my teaching colleagues = the same as my colleagues)

In comparisons, the structure ‘as adjective as’ is often used.

• He’s not as tall as his brother
• She ran as fast as she could.

In the following comparisons as is a conjunction – it’s followed by a clause with a subject and a verb.

• He went to Cambridge University, as his father had before him.
• She’s a talented writer, as most of her family are.

Like

LIKE = similar to, the same as. You cannot use as in this way

like is a preposition, so it is followed by a noun ( like a palace), a pronoun (like me/this) or -ing ( like being)

• You have a huge house! It’s like a palace (not as a place)
• You love romantic films, like me (not as me)
• I love eating in the garden. It’s like being on holiday. (not as being)
• It’s raining again! I hate weather like this (not as this)

Like and As if/As though

Like, as if and as though can all be used to make comparisons. There is no difference in meaning among the 3 forms.

• You look as if you’ve seen a ghost.
• You talk as though we’re never going to see each other again.
• It looks like it’s going to rain.

Expressions with ‘as’

The following expressions all use as.

• As you know, classes restart on January 15th.
• I tried using salt as you suggested but the stain still didn’t come out.
• As we agreed the company will be split 50/50 between us.
• Their house is the same as ours.

INTENSIFIERS

Here's a list and exercises thanks to British Council.

http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/es/english-grammar/adjectives/intensifiers

Here are some others which can be used to ‘intensify’ many adjectives – ‘very’ ‘really’ ‘totally’ ‘absolutely’ ‘completely’ ‘utterly’ ‘entirely’.

·                       It’s very tall.

·                       We’re really happy.

·                       She’s totally exhausted.

·                       I’m absolutely horrified.

·                       He’s completely hopeless.

·                       You look utterly miserable.

·                       I’m entirely satisfied.

Certain adjectives have their own ‘special’ intensifiers which are often used with them. Here are some common ones:

blind drunk  “He was blind drunk and behaved really badly.”

bone dry  “I must have a drink. I’m bone dry.”

brand new  “I’ve just bought a brand new car.”

crystal clear  “The sea near Rhodes is crystal clear.”

dead easy  “That exam was dead easy. I’ve certainly passed.”

dead lucky  “He’s won three lottery prizes this year. He’s dead lucky.”

dead right  “I agree entirely. You are dead right.”

dirt cheap  “I bought my car for a dirt cheap price from an old lady.”

fast asleep / sound asleep  “I was in bed and fast asleep by nine.”

  “I was sound asleep and I didn’t hear anything.”

paper thin  “These office walls are paper thin. You can hear everything.”

pitch black   “There’s no moon. It’s pitch black out there.”

razor sharp   “Be careful with that knife- it’s razor sharp.”

rock hard  “It’s impossible to dig this soil – it’s rock hard.”

stark naked   “The hotel door slammed behind me and I was left standing stark naked in the middle of the corridor.”

stone deaf  “He can’t hear a thing. He’s stone deaf.”

wide awake  “I was wide awake by six.”

wide open  “Who left the door wide open?”

FUNCTIONS AND REGISTER IN ENGLISH

FUNCTIONS AND REGISTER

Expressing your opinion

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